Uzbek literature Literature and art of Uzbekistan is called one of the bright and wonderful pages of the history of the world artistic culture. Along with Egypt and Mesopotamia, Greece and Rome, India and China, Central Asia laid the foundations of human civilization. The emergence of a cultural phenomenon in Uzbekistan is mainly due to its geographical Mesopotamia, where agricultural centers have been location in the Central Asian formed since ancient times. Uzbek literature history The most ancient Uzbek oral literary works are over 200 epic poems, many legends, epic songs performed by folk poets - bakhshi. Heroes of folklore struggle with hostile forces evil spirits, dragons. The oldest cycle of epic poems Ker-ogly and the poem Alpamysh were written around the 10th century. Alpamysh went in the folklore of all the peoples of Central Asia. It talks about the courage of folk heroes, courage and hatred of enemies; it contains many witty aphorisms, vivid metaphors, colorful descriptions. Another popular work from the cycle Ker-ogly is a poem about the transforming power of love of Ravshan-Hon. Many times later it was processed by folk poets. The satirical novels of Nasreddin Afandi, in which the khans and bais are derided, are popular. In the oral Uzbek literature, people of different nationalities - Chinese, Iranian, Turkmen, Negro, etc., female images are devoid of sentimentality. In the XI century, many works are created, based on religious norms of Islamic morality. These are the instructive poems "Kugadau Bilig" ("Knowledge of Grace" or "Science of Happiness") by Yusuf Khas Hadjib Balasaguni, the poem "Khibat al-Khakaik" ("Gift of Truths") by Ahmad Yugnaki.
Prepeared by Imam Bukhari Tashkent Islamic Institute , Department of languages , English teacher Kadirov Farrukh
Today ancient Bukhara is once again strengthening its position as an international cultural centre and experiencing a new stage of cultural and tourism development, reports Dunyo IA correspondent, citing with reference to the Ukrainian magazine “Kyiv Diplomatic”.
Publication notes that the American newspaper “The New York Times” published an article dedicated to Bukhara, one of the oldest cities in Uzbekistan. For more than a thousand years, Bukhara remained one of the most important centres of the Great Silk Road, connecting the East and the West. Trade routes passed through the city, along which jewellery, textiles, porcelain, and other valuable goods were transported. From the 8th to the 13th centuries, Bukhara became one of the largest intellectual and cultural centres of the Islamic world, where outstanding scholars, architects, mathematicians and artists worked.
Authors of the publication pay particular attention to the city’s rich historical and architectural heritage. Bukhara has preserved the ancient Ark Fortress, mausoleums, madrasas, mosques with distinctive turquoise domes, and other landmarks, many of which are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. More than 140 sites of the historic center are located within walking distance of one another, making the city one of the best-preserved historical complexes in Central Asia.
According to the publication, today Bukhara is once again strengthening its position as an international cultural center. One of the most important events was the first Bukhara Biennial of Contemporary Art, held in the autumn of last year. As part of the project, artists from Uzbekistan and other countries created works specifically for the city’s historic spaces, collaborated with local artisans and participated in joint cultural initiatives.
As noted in the publication, the organization of the Biennial contributed not only to the promotion of cultural heritage but also to the development of tourism infrastructure. New hotels, restaurants, cultural spaces and shops are opening in Bukhara, catering to the growing interest of international travellers.
“The New York Times” also presented its own city guide, recommending that tourists visit historical landmarks, including the Sitorai Mokhi-Khosa Palace, Chor-Bakr Memorial Complex, Baland Mosque and Khoja Zayniddin Sufi Complex.