The site is working in test mode!
10 April, 2026   |   21 Shawwāl, 1447

Tashkent city
Fajr
04:30
Sunrise
05:52
Dhuhr
12:29
Asr
17:02
Maghrib
19:01
Isha
20:17
Bismillah
10 April, 2026, 21 Shawwāl, 1447

The first steps of diplomacy: The correspondence between Timur and Charles VI

09.10.2025   17635   3 min.
The first steps of diplomacy: The correspondence between Timur and Charles VI

At the end of the 14th century, the correspondence between the great commander Amir Timur and King Charles VI of France, along with the memoirs of the Vatican envoy Ivan Grinlon about Timur’s court, are presented at the Center for Islamic Civilization in Uzbekistan. These documents represent not only a unique chapter in the history of diplomacy but also invaluable sources that introduce our nation’s scientific and cultural heritage to the world.

In the “Second Renaissance” section of the Center’s museum, early Islamic sources, medieval scholars’ manuscripts, and rare documents from the Timurid era are brought together in one space.

In the exhibition dedicated to the era of Amir Timur, every aspect of the sovereign’s activity state administration, domestic policy, and international relations is presented on a scholarly basis. Among the displayed materials are decrees, letters, and royal correspondences written in the Arabic script. One of them is a decree granted by Amir Timur to the descendants of the sayyids of Khwarazm, reflecting the great ruler’s profound respect for scholars.

“Each era has its own laws: over time, the number of artifacts decreases. Yet the survival of original sources from the period of Amir Timur is a great fortune for history”, says Sanjar G‘ulomov, Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of Oriental Studies, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan.

The most captivating part of the exhibition features the correspondence between Amir Timur, King Charles VI of France, and the Vatican. Written in 1402, these letters are among the earliest examples in the history of world diplomacy. Accompanying them is the Vatican envoy Ivan Grinlon’s work “Memoirs on the Court of Amir Timur”, which provides detailed information about court life, state governance, and international relations.

These documents show that Amir Timur was not only a great military leader but also a statesman with exceptional diplomatic skill. He established active political relations with France, the Vatican, China, India, and several other nations.

It should be noted that many of the exhibits displayed in the museum are original, centuries-old artifacts that have been carefully preserved. As previously reported, the correspondence between Amir Timur and King Charles VI of France was expected to arrive in Uzbekistan, and now these historic documents have rightfully taken their place in the museum’s collection. Moreover, with the help of modern technology, visitors can view the manuscripts digitally or explore them interactively.

Other posts

Hateem Praying Timings at Masjid al-Haram (Male and Female)

03.11.2025   39351   2 min.
Hateem Praying Timings at Masjid al-Haram (Male and Female)

Hateem is also known as Hajr Ismail, it has separate prayer timings for both male and female pilgrims. 

The Hateem (also known as Hajr Ismail), a sacred area within Masjid al-Haram in Makkah, is considered part of the original Kaaba structure, making it one of the most sought-after spots for worshipers.

Access to this sacred area is carefully regulated to ensure orderly conduct and provide equal opportunities for both men and women to offer prayers.

Men’s Prayer Timings

  • 10:00 PM to 2:00 AM

Men can perform their prayers in the Hateem during the evening hours, from 10:00 PM to 2:00 AM. This time frame allows worshipers to engage in their spiritual practices without the heavy crowds that often gather later in the day.

Women’s Prayer Timings

  • 7:30 AM to 11:00 AM

Women have their designated prayer time in the morning, from 7:30 AM to 11:00 AM.

It is important to note that these timings can vary slightly due to various operational reasons, such as cleaning, maintenance, or other unforeseen circumstance

Duration

  • 10 minutes

Entrance

  • Western Side

For instance, there have been instances where the Hateem was opened later than the scheduled time, as seen when it opened at 7:30 AM instead of 8:00 AM due to cleaning activities.

The Hateem is believed to be a part of the original Kaaba built by Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham). Praying in the Hateem is considered highly meritorious, and many pilgrims make it a point to include this in their pilgrimage rituals.

For those planning to visit the Hateem, it is advisable to check for any updates on timings to ensure a smooth and fulfilling experience.