When millions of Muslims turn toward the Kaaba in Mecca for prayer, few may realize that the sweeping gold calligraphy on its iconic black cloth, the Kiswa, bears the legacy of a single artist — Abdul Rahim Amin Bukhari.
A master calligrapher from Mecca, Abdul Rahim Amin Bukhari dedicated his life to adorning Islam’s holiest site with words of divine beauty. His name, though not widely known outside Saudi Arabia, lives on in gold thread, etched into the sacred fabric that veils the Kaaba.
Abdul Rahim Amin Bukhari was born in 1917 in Mecca — a city pulsing with spiritual rhythm and Islamic tradition. As a boy surrounded by centuries-old mosques and devotional art, Bukhari was drawn to Arabic calligraphy early in life. What began as a childhood passion grew into a lifelong vocation.
At just 15, he joined the Kiswah Factory, newly established in 1927 by King Abdulaziz. This factory, devoted to producing the Kaaba’s annual covering, became the cradle of his artistic journey. Bukhari trained under the best, learning the subtle curves and disciplined elegance of classical scripts.
By the 1930s, he had risen to become chief technician, and eventually deputy director by the 1960s. His path was defined not only by artistic talent, but by humility and devotion.
Every year, the Kiswa is renewed — a majestic cloth of black silk, embroidered with Qur’anic verses in gold and silver thread. Its creation is a sacred task, and for decades, Bukhari was the pen behind its powerful script.
Specializing in the Thuluth script — a flowing, monumental style favored for religious inscriptions — Bukhari laid out every curve and flourish of the divine text. His designs set the standard, and to this day, artisans use his original layouts when crafting the Kiswa’s golden band (known as the hizam). His was not merely a job; it was an offering.
More than a technician, he was the soul of the Kiswa’s design. The gold lettering that millions of pilgrims see and touch was once inked by his hand on tracing paper, then embroidered stitch by stitch by a team he led and trained.
A Historic Commission: The Kaaba Door of 1944
One of the defining moments in Bukhari’s career came in 1944, when King Abdulaziz ordered the creation of a new door for the Kaaba. The old door, weathered by time, was to be replaced with a gilded masterpiece — and it was Bukhari who was asked to inscribe it with sacred text.
His calligraphy, rendered in bold Thuluth script, graced the new door’s copper and silver panels. The shahada (Islamic testimony of faith), the names of God, and select Qur’anic verses adorned its surface. These inscriptions were engraved into the metal by artisans, preserving Bukhari’s artistry in gleaming permanence.
This door, installed in 1947, became a symbol not just of royal generosity, but of spiritual craftsmanship. It was the first of two Kaaba doors Bukhari worked on — the second being the current door installed in 1979, which also features his calligraphy.
The Man Behind the Script
Though quiet and devoted, Bukhari’s work earned him respect at the highest levels. He wrote verses for early Saudi flags in the 1930s, crafted inscriptions for ceremonial mosque curtains, and even lettered the Rawdah curtain in Medina. King Faisal recognized his service by having Bukhari’s name woven into the Kiswa itself — a singular honor that continues to this day.
Visitors to Mecca who gaze upon the Kaaba’s belt will find his name hidden in gold — Abdul Rahim Amin. It is a subtle yet profound tribute to the man who helped shape the visual identity of Islam’s holiest structure.
A Living Legacy in Silk and Gold
Even after his passing in the late 1990s, Abdul Rahim Amin Bukhari’s calligraphy remains alive, literally sewn into the Kaaba each year. His templates are still used for the Kiswa’s verses, his scripts guide modern artisans, and his legacy continues to bridge art and worship in the most sacred way imaginable.
In the world of Islamic calligraphy, Bukhari stands as a pillar — not only for his mastery of pen and ink, but for how his work sanctified space. Every Muslim who looks at the Kaaba is unknowingly reading the words he shaped. Every stitch of gold thread reflects his lifelong devotion to making divine words beautiful.
Uzbekistan is taking confident steps to connect its rich spiritual and cultural heritage with the global academic community by expanding international scientific cooperation, reports iccu.uz.
As a tangible reflection of this effort, the Islamic Civilization Center in Uzbekistan hosted a ceremony to receive 1,000 rare books for its library. The collection was presented by Dr. Muhammad Zakariya Al-Orabi, Head of the Orabi International Group in the Sultanate of Oman and a distinguished researcher and public figure.
The event was attended by representatives of the Committee on Religious Affairs, the leadership of the Islamic Civilization Center in Uzbekistan, scholars, researchers, and leading experts in the field.
During the ceremony, Gulnora Ganieva, Deputy Director of the Center, emphasized that under the leadership of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the development of science, the preservation of cultural heritage, the study of manuscripts, and the acquisition of rare sources preserved in countries around the world have been elevated to the level of state policy.
She noted that the Islamic Civilization Center in Uzbekistan, established at the initiative of the President, has evolved into far more than a museum or a library. Today, it serves as an international platform for scholarly dialogue on the history of Islamic civilization, source studies, and Oriental studies.
“The books presented by the Sultanate of Oman will do far more than enrich our library’s collection. They will serve as a solid foundation for expanding fundamental research in the history of Islamic civilization, Islamic law, Qur’anic exegesis, Hadith studies, Islamic creed, the Arabic language, and many other disciplines. They will also contribute to the education and development of a new generation of scholars,” said Gulnora Ganieva.
Dr. Muhammad Zakariya Al-Orabi described the presentation of the books as a symbolic milestone in the cultural and academic cooperation between the two countries.
“These are not merely books. They represent respect for knowledge, a commitment to enlightenment, and an intellectual bridge that strengthens trust between our peoples. We highly appreciate President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s initiative to establish the Islamic Civilization Center in Uzbekistan. We are confident that this Center will become a distinguished platform uniting the scholarly heritage of the entire Islamic world,” said Dr. Al-Orabi.
According to him, libraries preserve the collective memory of human civilization, and every book opens the door to new knowledge, fresh ideas, and groundbreaking scholarly discoveries. Therefore, investing in knowledge is equivalent to investing in the future.
Davronbek Maqsudov, First Deputy Chairman of the Committee on Religious Affairs, who also attended the ceremony, underscored the significance of this noble initiative for strengthening the country’s academic and research potential.
He noted that bringing fundamental scholarly publications published in the Arab world in recent years to Uzbekistan will expand the pool of reliable academic resources available to researchers, university faculty, master’s students, and young scholars.
The donated collection covers a wide range of disciplines, including Islamic history, Qur’anic exegesis, Hadith studies, Islamic jurisprudence, Islamic creed, the Arabic language, the history of Islamic civilization, and other fields. It also includes recently published academic works from across the Arab world, further strengthening the Center’s Library as one of the region’s richest specialized collections.
In recent years, Uzbekistan has pursued an active foreign policy in the field of cultural diplomacy. At the initiative of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, international cooperation has expanded through the Islamic Civilization Center in Uzbekistan, the International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, and the Imam Bukhari, Imam Termizi, and Imam Maturidi International Scientific Research Centers. Joint projects are being implemented in partnership with UNESCO, ICESCO, and a number of leading academic institutions.
The donation of 1,000 rare books from the Sultanate of Oman is regarded as another tangible outcome of this consistent state policy.
At the conclusion of the ceremony, both sides emphasized that this meaningful initiative would further strengthen academic, cultural, and educational cooperation between Uzbekistan and the Sultanate of Oman. They also expressed their readiness to expand collaboration through joint research projects, book exchange programs, scholarly expeditions, and academic initiatives.