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26 Dekabr, 2024, 25 Jumadul soni, 1446

Masjidga borishda bajariladigan sunnatlar

14.06.2023   1003   8 min.
Masjidga borishda bajariladigan sunnatlar
  1. Namozga erta borish.

Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam aytadilar: “Odamlar azonda va birinchi safda nima borligini bilganlarida edi, unga faqat qur'a tashlash bilan erishishdan boshqa iloj bo'lmasa, albatta qur'a tashlar edilar. Tahjir[1]da nima borligini bilganlarida, unda kimo'zar qilar edilar. Hufton va Bomdod namozlarida nima borligini bilganlarida, emaklab bo'lsa ham kelgan bo'lar edilar”(Imom Buxoriy rivoyati).

 

  1. Masjidga borish duosini o'qish.

اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ في قَلْبِي نُوراً، وفي لِسانِي نُوراً، وَاجْعَلْ في سَمْعِي نُوراً، وَاجْعَلْ في بَصَري نُوراً، وَاجْعَلْ مِنْ خَلْفِي نُوراً، وَمِنْ أمامي نُوراً، وَاجْعَلْ مِنْ فَوْقي نُوراً وَمِنْ تَحْتِي نُوراً، اللَّهُمَّ أعْطِني نُوراً

“Allohumma, ij'al fiy qolbiy nuron va fiy lisaniy nuron, vaj'al fiy sam'ii nuron, vaj'al fiy basorii nuron, vaj'al min xolfiy nuron va min amaamiy nuron, vaj'al min favqiy nuron va min tahtiy nuron. Allohumma a'tiniy nuron”

“Allohim! Qalbimda nur qilgin, tilimda nur qilgin, qulog'imda nur qilgin, ko'zimda nur qilgin, oldimdan nur qilgin, ortimdan nur qilgin, ustimdan nur qilgin, ostimdan nur qilgin. Allohim, menga nur ato etgin(Imom Muslim rivoyati).

 

  1. Sakinat va viqor bilan yurish.

Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallam aytadilar: “Iqomatni eshitsangiz, namozga sakinat[2] va viqor[3] bilan yurib kelinglar”(Imom Buxoriy, Imom Muslim rivoyati).

 

  1. Masjidga piyoda borish.

Faqihlar masjidga borishda shoshmasdan, qadamni yaqin-yaqin bosib borishning sunnat ekanini aytganlar. Toki yurib boruvchining savobi yanada ko'p bo'lsin.

Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallam: “Sizlarni Alloh u bilan xatolarni o'chiradigan, darajotlarni ko'taradigan narsaga dalolat qilmayinmi?” dedilar. Sahobalar roziyallohu anhum: “Ayting, yo Rasululloh”, dedilar. Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: “Masjid sari qadamni ko'paytirish” dedilar (Imom Muslim rivoyati).

 

  1. Masjidga kirishda Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamga salavot aytish.

 

  1. Masjidga kirishda duo o'qish:

اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِكَ

“Allohumma iftah liy abvaba rohmatik”

“Allohim! Menga rahmating eshiklarini ochgin”.

Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam aytadilar: “Sizlardan birortangiz masjidga kirsa, Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamga salom yo'llasin va

Allohumma mag'fir lana zunubana vaftah lana abvaba rohmatik”

“Allohim! Menga rahmating eshiklarini ochgin”, desin (Imom Nasoiy rivoyati).

 

  1. Masjidga o'ng oyoq bilan kirish.

 

  1. Birinchi safda turishga harakat qilish.

Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: “Odamlar azonda va birinchi safda nima borligini bilganlarida edi, unga faqat qur'a tashlash bilan erishishdan boshqa iloj yo'q bo'lsa, albatta qur'a tashlar edilar”, dedilar (Imom Buxoriy rivoyati).

Bunda o'zgalarga ozor bermaslik, yoshi kattalarni hurmat qilish shart qilinadi.

  1. “Tahiyyatul masjid” (masjid hurmati) namozini o'qish.

Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: “Sizlardan birortangiz masjidga kirsa, ikki rakat namoz o'qimasdan o'tirmasin”, deganlar (Imom Buxoriy, Imom Muslim rivoyati).

Agar o'tirib olganidan keyin yodiga tushsa, o'sha zahoti turib, o'qib olsa ham bo'ladi. Ammo makruh vaqtlar bundan mustasno.

 

  1. Masjiddan chiqishda duo qilish.

اللَّهُمَّ إني أسألُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ

“Allohumma inniy asaluka min fazlik”

“Allohim, fazlingdan so'rayman”.

Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: «Qachon biringiz masjiddan chiqsa, “Allohim, fazlingdan so'rayman”, desin» dedilar (Imom Muslim rivoyati).

 

  1. Chap oyoq bilan chiqish.

Anas ibn Molik roziyallohu anhu aytadi: “Masjidga kirganingda avval o'ng oyoqni, chiqqaningda avval chap oyoqni bosishing sunnatdandir”.

 

Davron NURMUHAMMAD

[1] Namozga erta kelish.

[2] Ohista, xotirjam harak'at qilish, behuda narsalardan tiyilish.

[3] Ko'zni tiyish, ovozni ko'tarmaslik, har tarafga alanglamaslik.

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Mesta proroka Ibraxima v islamskix predaniyax

26.12.2024   25   6 min.
Mesta proroka Ibraxima v islamskix predaniyax

Po vsemu Blijnemu Vostoku imeyutsya mesta, kotorie predaniya svyazivayut s prorokom Ibraximom, v tom chisle dom yego detstva, derevo, pod kotorim on vstretilsya s angelami, i yego mogila, soobshayet portal Atlas Islamica.
Rodnoy gorod proroka Ibraxima (mir yemu)
Po dannim izdaniya Islamosfera, mestom rojdeniya proroka Ibraxima (mir yemu) bibleyskiye teksti nazivayut Ur Xaldeyskiy ili Ur-Kasdim. V 1862 godu Genri Roulinson otojdestvil etot gorod s Tell-el-Mukayyarom bliz Nasirii, obichno izvestnim kak Ur na yuge Iraka. Vtoroye mesto, traditsionno schitayusheyesya mestom rojdeniya proroka, naxoditsya v okrestnostyax goroda Urfa (Shanliurfa) na yugo-vostoke sovremennoy Tursii.
Peshera, gde rodilsya prorok Ibraxim (mir yemu)
V komplekse mecheti Mevlid-i Xalil v Shanliurfe v Tursii imeyetsya peshera, v kotoroy, kak glasyat legendi, mat rodila budushego proroka. Ona  pryatala yego tam sem let, potomu chto sar Nimrod velel ubivat vsex novorojdennix malchikov, kotorie mogli bi ugrojat yego vlasti. V peshere imeyetsya istochnik, voda kotorogo schitayetsya selebnoy.
Dom, gde provel detstvo prorok Ibraxim (mir yemu)
V sentre arxeologicheskogo kompleksa drevnego Ura, raspolojennogo v yujnom Irake v provinsii Tell-el-Mukayyar, pokazivayut dom, v kotorom, soglasno legendam, provel detstvo prorok. Dom imeyet pochti treugolnuyu formu i sostoit iz nebolshix komnat, zalov, proxodov, koridorov i arok.
Ozero Balikligyol
Takje izvestnoye kak ozero Xalil-ur-Raxman, eto ozero naxoditsya na yugo-zapade sentra goroda Shanliurfa, ryadom s mechetyami Mevlid-i Xalil i Rizvaniye. Soglasno predaniyam, imenno na etom meste bil razojjen koster, v kotoriy Nimrod brosil proroka Ibraxima (mir yemu). No ogon prevratilsya v ozero, a ugli – v ribu.
Kompleks Xaram al-Ibraxim
Etot kompleks, takje izvestniy kak Peshera Patriarxov ili Grobnitsa Patriarxov, sostoit iz ryada pesher, raspolojennix v samom serdse Starogo goroda Xevrona na yuge Zapadnogo berega v Palestine. Soglasno predaniyam, eto mesto bilo vikupleno Ibraximom (mir yemu) v kachestve mesta zaxoroneniya. Legendi utverjdayut, chto zdes poxoroneni sam prorok, yego jena Sara, sinovya Isxak (mir yemu) s Yakubom (mir yemu) i ix jeni. Takje soglasno nekotorim mestnim predaniyam, v Xaram al-Ibraxim naxodyatsya mogili proroka Yusufa (mir yemu), Adama (mir yemu) i Xavi.
Eto mesto yavlyayetsya svyatim dlya musulman, iudeyev i xristian.
Bir-Saba (Beer-Sheva)
Kak polagayut, etot arxeologicheskiy pamyatnik na yuge Palestini yavlyayetsya ostatkami drevnego goroda Beer-Sheva. Soglasno legendam, Ibraxim (mir yemu) razbil svoy shater i viril kolodes v Bir-Sabe, kotoroye togda bilo pustinnom mestom, schitavshimsya yujnoy granitsey Svyashennoy zemli (Al-Aksi). Zdes, u kolodsa, prorok zaklyuchil dogovor s filistimlyanskim sarem Avimelexom. 
Etot samiy kolodes pokazivayut i seychas nedaleko ot Starogo goroda v Beer-Sheva na okkupirovannoy Izrailem palestinskoy territorii. Arxeologicheskiye issledovaniya pokazali, chto on otnositsya k vizantiyskomu periodu, poetomu utverjdayetsya, chto eto ne originalnoye soorujeniye, a yego analog, postroyenniy na tom je meste. 
Xaran
Gorod Xaran, kotoriy upominayetsya v Biblii, pochti povsemestno otojdestvlyayetsya s Xarranom, gorodom, ruini kotorogo naxodyatsya na territorii sovremennoy Tursii v provinsii Shanliurfa. Soglasno yevreyskim istochnikam, v Xarane poselilsya Ibraxim (mir yemu) so svoyey semey vo vremya sledovaniya iz goroda Ur v Xanaan. Rasskazivayetsya, chto on jil tam do 75 let, prejde chem prodoljit svoy put po poveleniyu Allaxa. 
Mamvriyskiy dub, ili Dub Ibraxima

Eto derevo, kotoroye takje nazivayut dubom Avraama, naxoditsya v dvux kilometrax k yugo-zapadu ot Mamre nedaleko ot Xevrona, na territorii pravoslavnogo monastirya Svyatoy Troitsi. Yego vozrast otsenivayetsya v 5000 let. Kak glasyat predaniya, pod nim prorok Ibraxim (mir yemu) prinimal angelov, kotorie posetili yego s vestyu o rojdenii u nego sina. Dub pochitalsya iudeyami i xristianami na protyajenii soten let, a v IV veke Konstantin postroil vozle nego serkov. Posle postroyki ogradi vokrug duba v 1970-x godax korni dereva bili povrejdeni, i ono nachalo zasixat. Posledniy zeleniy list na nem nablyudali v aprele 1996 goda. No v 1997 godu ot kornya nachal rasti noviy pobeg, kotoriy k nastoyashemu vremeni prevratilsya v kustistoye molodoye derevse.
Oazis al-Asad
Etot oazis, raspolojenniy nedaleko ot aviabazi Al-Asad v provinsii Anbar v Irake, takje nazivayut Oazisom Ibraxima ili Kolodsem Ibragima. Soglasno mestnim predaniyam beduinov, imenno zdes ostanovilsya Ibraxim (mir yemu) i yego semya na puti v Xanaan, kuda yego prizval Allax. Xotya net nikakix dokazatelstv pravdivosti etoy istorii, uchenie govoryat, chto proroku logichno bilo bi sledovat imenno cherez etu mestnost. Na pryamom puti v Palestinu net istochnikov presnoy vodi, poetomu on doljen bil dvigatsya vdol Yevfrata.
Makam Ibraxima – Mesto stoyaniya Ibraxima
Allax prikazal Ibraximu (mir yemu) postroit Kaabu, i prorok vmeste so svoim sinom Ismailom pristupil k rabote. Kogda steni zdaniya podnyalis vishe yego rosta, on podlojil pod nogi bolshoy kamen, chtobi vstat na nego. Na etom kamne, kotoriy seychas mojno uvidet na severnoy storone Kaabi, ostalsya otpechatok nogi Ibraxima (mir yemu). Svyatinyu zakrivayet metallicheskoye ograjdeniye.

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